Which of the following is NOT typically included in Pharmacy Benefit Manager clinical services?

Pharmacy Benefit Managers (PBMs) are organizations that manage prescription drug benefits on behalf of health insurers, employers, and other plan sponsors. Their clinical services are designed to ensure that patients receive the most appropriate medications while controlling costs and managing access.

Drug Distribution, the option chosen as not typically included, refers to the actual dispensing of medications from pharmacies to patients. This process primarily involves retail pharmacies and the logistics of delivering drugs rather than the management or oversight of drug benefits themselves. PBMs generally do not engage directly in the physical distribution of medications; instead, they focus on managing the pharmacy benefit, which encompasses other critical components such as benefit administration, claims adjudication, and utilization management.

Benefit Administration involves overseeing the design and operational aspects of drug benefits, ensuring that the plan meets the needs of members. Claims adjudication is the process where PBMs assess and determine the payment for pharmacy claims, ensuring accurate billing and reimbursement. Utilization Management includes evaluations and interventions aimed at ensuring appropriate use of medications, such as prior authorization requirements to prevent misuse of high-cost drugs.

Each of these functions is integral to maintaining the integrity of the pharmacy benefit service, while drug distribution is mainly the responsibility of pharmacies themselves, thus making it the correct choice for the question.